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ACNE AND PIMPLE 

acne pimple treatment ,acne and pimple difference,causes ,explanations ,definitions, scientific approaches  lifestyle for acne, diets for acne,cure for acne,creams for pimples,scar removal,stress and depression,irregular sleep patterns,face map

Acne Treatments

Benzoyl peroxide

Benzoyl peroxide cream

Benzoyl peroxide is a first-line treatment for mild and moderate acne due to its effectiveness and mild side-effects (mainly irritant dermatitis). It works against P. acnes, helps prevent formation of comedones, and has anti-inflammatory properties.Benzoyl peroxide normally causes dryness of the skin, slight redness, and occasional peeling when side effects occur.This topical treatment does increase sensitivity to the sun, as indicated on the packaging, so sunscreen use is often advised during treatment, to prevent sunburn. Benzoyl peroxide has been found to be nearly as effective as antibiotics, with all concentrations tested being equally effective.Unlike antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide does not appear to generate bacterial resistance.Benzoyl peroxide may be paired with a topical antibiotic or retinoid such as benzoyl peroxide/clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide/adapalene, respectively.

Retinoids

Retinoids are medications which possess anti-inflammatory properties, normalize the follicle cell life cycle, and reduce sebum production. The retinoids appear to influence the cell life cycle in the follicle lining. This helps prevent the hyperkeratinization of these cells which can create a blockage. They are a first-line acne treatment,especially for people with dark-colored skin, and are known to lead to faster improvement of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation

Acne definitions

• Acne is an infection of the skin, caused by changes in the sebaceous glands. The most common form of acne is called acne vulgaris, which means "common acne". The redness comes from the inflammation of the skin in response to the infection.
• Oils from the glands combine with dead skin cells to block hair follicles. Under the blocked pore, oil builds up. Skin bacteria can then grow very quickly. This infection makes the skin become swollen and red, which becomes visible.
• The face, chest, back, and upper arms are most common places for acne to happen.
• Acne is common during puberty, when a person is turning from a child into an adult, because of high levels of hormones. Acne becomes less common as people reach adulthood.
• There are lots of acne treatment methods available
• Acne vulgaris (or simply acne) is a long-term skin disease that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with dead skin cells and oil from the skin.Acne is characterized by areas of blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, and greasy skin, and may result in scarring. The resulting appearance can lead to anxiety, reduced self-esteem and, in extreme cases, depression

facts about acne

In 2013, acne was estimated to affect 660 million people globally, making it the 8th most common disease worldwide. Acne occurs most commonly during adolescence, affecting an estimated 80–90% of teenagers in the Western world. Lower rates are reported in some rural societies.People may also be affected before and after puberty. Though it becomes less common in adulthood than in adolescence, nearly half of people in their twenties and thirties continue to have acne.About 4% continue to have difficulties into their forties.

Many treatment options are available to improve the appearance of acne, including lifestyle changes, procedures, and medications. Eating fewer simple carbohydrates like sugar may help. Topical azelaic acid, benzoyl peroxide, and salicylic acid are commonly used treatments.Antibiotics and retinoids are available in both topical and oral formulations to treat acne.However, resistance to antibiotics may develop. A number of birth control pills may be useful for preventing acne in women.Oral isotretinoin is usually reserved for severe acne due to greater potential side effects. Early and aggressive treatment is advocated by some to lessen the overall long-term impact to individuals.

Scars

Acne scars are the result of inflammation within the dermal layer of skin, brought on by acne, and are estimated to affect 95% of people with acne vulgaris.The scar is created by an abnormal form of healing following this dermal inflammation.Scarring is most likely to occur with severe nodular acne, but may occur with any form of acne vulgaris.Acne scars are classified based on whether the abnormal healing response following dermal inflammation leads to excess collagen deposition or collagen loss at the site of the acne lesion.

Pigmentation

Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation  is usually the result of nodular acne lesions. They often leave behind an inflamed red mark after the original acne lesion has resolved. PIH occurs more often in people with darker skin color.Pigmented scar is a common but misleading term, as it suggests the color change is permanent. Often, PIH can be prevented by avoiding aggravation of the nodule. These scars can fade with time. However, untreated scars can last for months, years, or even be permanent if deeper layers of skin are affected. Daily use of SPF 15 or higher sunscreen can minimize pigmentation associated with acne.

People of all ages can get acne

Although it occurs more commonly in adolescents. Acne can affect people physically, psychologically, and socially.

Physical effects
Acne causes scarring, and acne pustules can be very painful and sensitive.

Psychological effects
People suffering from a bad case of acne, especially adolescents, can develop low self-esteem which can lead to depression.

Social effects

Low self-esteem issues can make a person suffering from acne withdraw from many social events. It makes developing new personal relationships (especially love relationships) more difficult. Low self-esteem can also cause problems with career advancement as the person may find it difficult to present a positive attitude.

Acne scars treatments

Dermabrasion.  The top layer of the skin is taken away to make the scar look less deep. It makes the scar less visible, but does not remove it completely. Many treatments may be needed.
Laser resurfacing.  A laser is used to burn off the top layer of the skin.
Deep penetrating light therapy.  A non-laser, non-ultraviolet light therapy that can be used to improve mild to moderate acne. A blue light causes the breakdown of certain chemicals within the acne bacteria, destroying the cell walls.
Punch excision.  The scar is raised with a punch tool and the edges are smoothed together.
Chemical peels.  Different types of acid are put on the skin so that a smoother layer can form.

Subcision.  A hole is made between the scar and the skin under the scar. Blood can pool under the scar, and raise it to the surface of the skin.

Pimple

A pimple, zit or spot is a kind of comedo and one of the many results of excess oil getting trapped in the pores. Some of the varieties are pustules or papules.Pimples can be treated by various acne medications prescribed by a physician, or purchased at a pharmacy with a wide variety of treatments.

Hygiene

Practicing good hygiene, including regularly washing skin areas with neutral cleansers, can reduce the amount of dead skin cells and other external contaminants on the skin that can contribute to the development of pimples. However, it is not always possible to completely prevent pimples, even with good hygiene practices.

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